题目: Effects of salinity on ingestion, oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion rates of the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota 

作者: Zonghe Yu, Zhanhui Qi, Chaoqun Hu*, Wenguang Liu, Honghui Huang 

刊物: Aquaculture Research,（IF=1.422，III区）

刊号: 2013,44,1760-1767 

摘要: The sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota is a good candidate for aquaculture, for large-scale production of this sea cucumber, it is imperative to know the effects of salinity on its physiological performance. In this study, ingestion, oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion rates of the adult sea cucumber H.leucospilota (16.98 ± 1.14 g, wet weight) at various salinity levels (18, 23, 28, 33 and 38 PSU) were studied in the laboratory. The species were acclimated for 1 week at the desired salinity before testing, and were fed with sediment from their natural habitat during this period. Results showed that the minimum ingestion rate (0.02 ± 0.01 g g_1d_1) at a salinity of 18 PSU was significantly lower than those observed at salinities of 28, 33 and 38 PSU, and there was no significant difference among the values at 23, 28, 33 and 38 PSU. The maximum value of oxygen consumption rate recorded at a salinity of 28 PSU was significantly higher than the minimum at 18 PSU, no significant differences were observed among other treatments. The ammonium excretion rates of H. leucospilota also changed significantly in response to salinity variations, the maximum value observed at a salinity of 28 PSU (0.09 ± 0.03 lM g_1h_1) being nearly five times higher than the minimum value at a salinity of 38 PSU (0.02 ± 0.01 lM g_1h_1). The O:N ratio varied as a function of salinity. Lower O:N ratios (<11.0) at salinities below 23 PSU indicated protein- dominated catabolism under hyposaline stress; the higher O:N ratio (46.5) at a salinity of 38 PSU indicated carbon-based metabolism. Results of this study indicated that the sea cucumber H. leucospilota may have a wide tolerance of salinity variation. However, it is not a very suitable species for rearing in hyposaline water. This study provides useful information for improving aquaculture management in tropical and subtropical coastal areas. 

题目: Survival and growth of the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota Brandt:a comparison between suspended and bottom cultures in a subtropical fish farm during summer 

作者: Zonghe Yu, Chaoqun Hu*, Yi Zhou, Haipeng Li, Pengfei Peng 

刊物: Aquaculture Research,（IF=1.422，III区）

刊号: 2013,44,114-124 

摘要: The feasibility of co-culturing the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota Brandt in a subtropical fish farm was investigated in a field study. Sea cucumbers were cultured in the fish farm in cages suspended at 4 m deep (suspended culture) and directly on the seafloor (bottom culture). The survival and growth of the sea cucumbers were monitored twice during the 3-month, summer experimental period (May 26–August 14, 2010). Results showed that the suspension-cultured sea cucumbers exhibited excellent survival rate (100%) during the whole study period. There also occurred no mortality in the bottom-cultured sea cucumbers during the first culture period (May 26–July 13); but all these died from anoxia caused by water column stratification during the second culture period (July 14–August 14). The specific growth rate of the bottom-cultured sea cucumbers (1.05 ± 0.21 % day_1) was nearly double that of the suspended culture animals (0.57 ± 0.21 % day_1) during the first culture period, and the growth rates of the suspended culture sea cucumbers in the second culture periods (0.46 ± 0.24 % day_1) was only a little lower than that of the first period. The sea cucumbers H. leucospilota could ingest and assimilate sediment with high organic matter content with an average assimilation efficiency of 14.9 ± 3.9%. This study indicated that fish farm detritus can be effectively used as a food source for the sea cucumber and that it can be turned into a valuable secondary crop in the form of the sea cucumber biomass.